feat: Can start normally

builder/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+[package]
+name = "cure-builder"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[dependencies]
+
+[build-dependencies]
+bootloader = "0.11.12"
+
+# artifact dependency - 指定 kernel 的 target
+[build-dependencies.cure-kernel]
+path = "../kernel"
+artifact = "bin"
+target = "x86_64-unknown-none"

builder/build.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+fn main() {
+    // 從環境變數獲取內核路徑（運行時）
+    let kernel_path = PathBuf::from(
+        std::env::var("CARGO_BIN_FILE_CURE_KERNEL_cure-kernel")
+            .expect("CARGO_BIN_FILE_CURE_KERNEL_cure-kernel not set")
+    );
+
+    println!("cargo:warning=Kernel path: {:?}", kernel_path);
+
+    // 創建輸出目錄
+    let out_dir = PathBuf::from(std::env::var("OUT_DIR").unwrap());
+
+    // 創建 BIOS 磁盤映像
+    let bios_path = out_dir.join("cure-bios.img");
+    bootloader::BiosBoot::new(&kernel_path)
+        .create_disk_image(&bios_path)
+        .expect("Failed to create BIOS disk image");
+
+    // 創建 UEFI 磁盤映像
+    let uefi_path = out_dir.join("cure-uefi.img");
+    bootloader::UefiBoot::new(&kernel_path)
+        .create_disk_image(&uefi_path)
+        .expect("Failed to create UEFI disk image");
+
+    // 輸出路徑信息
+    println!("cargo:warning=✓ BIOS image: {:?}", bios_path);
+    println!("cargo:warning=✓ UEFI image: {:?}", uefi_path);
+
+    // 讓 cargo 知道磁盤映像的位置
+    println!("cargo:rustc-env=BIOS_IMAGE={}", bios_path.display());
+    println!("cargo:rustc-env=UEFI_IMAGE={}", uefi_path.display());
+}

builder/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+fn main() {
+    println!("Build completed successfully!");
+    println!("Disk images created in target directory");
+}

kernel/.cargo/config.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+[unstable]
+bindeps = true
+
+# 只對 kernel 套用 no_std target
+[target.x86_64-unknown-none]
+build-std = ["core", "compiler_builtins"]
+build-std-features = ["compiler-builtins-mem"]

kernel/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+[package]
+name = "cure-kernel"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[dependencies]
+bootloader_api = "0.11.12"
+lazy_static = { version = "1.5.0", features = ["spin_no_std"] }
+x86_64 = { version = "0.15.2", features = ["instructions"] }
+spin = "0.10.0"
+raw-cpuid = "10.7.0"
+
+[package.metadata.bootloader]
+map-physical-memory = true
+physical-memory-offset = "0xFFFF800000000000"

kernel/src/hal/cpu.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,279 @@
+// kernel/src/hal/cpu.rs
+use x86_64::registers::control::{Cr0, Cr0Flags, Cr2, Cr3, Cr4, Cr4Flags};
+use x86_64::instructions::{interrupts, hlt};
+use core::arch::asm;
+use x86_64::VirtAddr;
+
+/// 64 位元暫存器類型
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+pub type Reg64 = u64;
+/// 32 位元暫存器類型
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+pub type Reg32 = u32;
+/// 16 位元暫存器類型
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+pub type Reg16 = u16;
+
+/// 通用目的暫存器結構 (64-bit)
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[repr(C, packed)]
+pub struct GpRegs {
+    pub rax: Reg64,
+    pub rbx: Reg64,
+    pub rcx: Reg64,
+    pub rdx: Reg64,
+    pub rdi: Reg64,
+    pub rbp: Reg64,
+    pub rsi: Reg64,
+    pub rsp: Reg64,
+    pub r8: Reg64,
+    pub r9: Reg64,
+    pub r10: Reg64,
+    pub r11: Reg64,
+    pub r12: Reg64,
+    pub r13: Reg64,
+    pub r14: Reg64,
+    pub r15: Reg64,
+}
+
+/// 段暫存器結構
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[repr(C, packed)]
+pub struct SgReg {
+    pub ss: Reg16,
+    pub es: Reg16,
+    pub ds: Reg16,
+    pub fs: Reg16,
+    pub gs: Reg16,
+    pub cs: Reg16,
+}
+
+// ============ 控制寄存器 ============
+
+/// 讀取 CR0 暫存器
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[inline]
+pub fn cpu_r_cr0() -> Cr0Flags {
+    Cr0::read()
+}
+
+/// 讀取 CR2 暫存器
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[inline]
+pub fn cpu_r_cr2() -> u64 {
+    Cr2::read_raw()
+}
+
+/// 讀取 CR3 暫存器
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[inline]
+pub fn cpu_r_cr3() -> u64 {
+    Cr3::read().0.start_address().as_u64()
+}
+
+/// 讀取 CR4 暫存器
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[inline]
+pub fn cpu_r_cr4() -> Cr4Flags {
+    Cr4::read()
+}
+
+/// 寫入 CR0 暫存器
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[inline]
+pub fn cpu_w_cr0(val: Cr0Flags) {
+    unsafe { Cr0::write(val); }
+}
+
+/// 寫入 CR3 暫存器
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[inline]
+pub fn cpu_w_cr3(val: u64) {
+    use x86_64::{PhysAddr, structures::paging::PhysFrame};
+
+    let frame = PhysFrame::containing_address(PhysAddr::new(val));
+    unsafe {
+        Cr3::write(frame, Cr3::read().1);
+    }
+}
+
+/// 寫入 CR4 暫存器
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[inline]
+pub fn cpu_w_cr4(val: Cr4Flags) {
+    unsafe { Cr4::write(val); }
+}
+
+// ============ CPU 資訊 ============
+
+/// 獲取 CPU 供應商 ID
+///
+/// # 參數
+/// * `model_out` - 輸出緩衝區，至少需要 13 bytes
+/// # 返回
+/// 字符串切片，表示 CPU 供應商資訊
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+pub fn cpu_get_model(model_out: &mut [u8]) -> &str {
+    if model_out.len() < 13 {
+        return "Buffer too small";
+    }
+
+    // 使用 raw_cpuid crate
+    use raw_cpuid::CpuId;
+    let cpuid = CpuId::new();
+
+    if let Some(vendor) = cpuid.get_vendor_info() {
+        let vendor_string = vendor.as_str();
+        let bytes = vendor_string.as_bytes();
+        let copy_len = core::cmp::min(bytes.len(), model_out.len() - 1);
+
+        model_out[..copy_len].copy_from_slice(&bytes[..copy_len]);
+        model_out[copy_len] = 0; // null terminator
+
+        match core::str::from_utf8(&model_out[..copy_len]) {
+            Ok(s) => s,
+            Err(_) => "Invalid UTF-8"
+        }
+    } else {
+        model_out[0] = b'?';
+        model_out[1] = 0;
+        "Unknown Vendor"
+    }
+}
+
+/// 檢查是否支持品牌字串
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+pub fn cpu_brand_string_supported() -> bool {
+    use raw_cpuid::CpuId;
+    let cpuid = CpuId::new();
+    cpuid.get_processor_brand_string().is_some()
+}
+
+/// 獲取 CPU 品牌字串
+///
+/// # 參數
+/// * `brand_out` - 輸出緩衝區，至少需要 49 bytes
+///
+/// # 返回
+/// 字符串切片，表示 CPU 品牌
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+pub fn cpu_get_brand(brand_out: &mut [u8]) -> &str {
+    if brand_out.len() < 49 {
+        return "Buffer too small";
+    }
+
+    use raw_cpuid::CpuId;
+    let cpuid = CpuId::new();
+
+    if let Some(brand) = cpuid.get_processor_brand_string() {
+        let brand_string = brand.as_str();
+        let bytes = brand_string.as_bytes();
+        let copy_len = core::cmp::min(bytes.len(), brand_out.len() - 1);
+
+        brand_out[..copy_len].copy_from_slice(&bytes[..copy_len]);
+        brand_out[copy_len] = 0; // null terminator
+
+        core::str::from_utf8(&brand_out[..copy_len]).unwrap_or_else(|_| "Invalid UTF-8")
+    } else {
+        brand_out[0] = b'?';
+        brand_out[1] = 0;
+        "Unknown CPU"
+    }
+}
+
+// ============ CPU 指令 ============
+
+/// 讀取 CPU 時間戳計數器 (TSC)
+///
+/// # 返回
+/// 時間戳計數值
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[inline]
+pub fn cpu_rdtsc() -> u64 {
+    unsafe {
+        let low: u32;
+        let high: u32;
+        asm!(
+        "rdtsc",
+        out("eax") low,
+        out("edx") high,
+        options(nomem, nostack, preserves_flags)
+        );
+        ((high as u64) << 32) | (low as u64)
+    }
+}
+
+/// 執行 CPU 暫停指令 (減少功耗)
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[inline]
+pub fn cpu_pause() {
+    core::hint::spin_loop();
+}
+
+/// 停止 CPU 執行，直到下一個中斷發生
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[inline]
+pub fn cpu_halt() {
+    hlt();
+}
+
+/// 停止 CPU 並進入低功耗模式 (等同於 cpu_halt)
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[inline]
+pub fn cpu_idle() {
+    hlt();
+}
+
+/// 啟用中斷
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[inline]
+pub fn cpu_enable_interrupts() {
+    interrupts::enable();
+}
+
+/// 禁用中斷
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[inline]
+pub fn cpu_disable_interrupts() {
+    interrupts::disable();
+}
+
+/// 檢查中斷是否啟用
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[inline]
+pub fn cpu_interrupts_enabled() -> bool {
+    interrupts::are_enabled()
+}
+
+/// 在禁用中斷的情況下執行閉包
+///
+/// # 範例
+/// ```
+/// cpu_without_interrupts(|| {
+///     // 臨界區代碼
+///     // 中斷被禁用
+/// });
+/// // 中斷恢復到之前的狀態
+/// ```
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[inline]
+pub fn cpu_without_interrupts<F, R>(f: F) -> R
+where
+    F: FnOnce() -> R,
+{
+    interrupts::without_interrupts(f)
+}
+
+/// 無條件觸發斷點異常 (用於調試)
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[inline]
+pub fn cpu_breakpoint() {
+    x86_64::instructions::interrupts::int3();
+}
+
+/// 讀取 RFLAGS 寄存器
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[inline]
+pub fn cpu_read_flags() -> u64 {
+    x86_64::registers::rflags::read().bits()
+}

kernel/src/hal/io.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+// kernel/src/hal/io.rs
+use x86_64::instructions::port::{Port, PortReadOnly, PortWriteOnly};
+
+/// 向 I/O 端口寫入一個字節
+///
+/// # 參數
+/// * `port` - 端口號
+/// * `value` - 要寫入的值
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[inline]
+pub fn io_port_wb(port: u16, value: u8) {
+    unsafe {
+        Port::new(port).write(value);
+    }
+}
+
+/// 從 I/O 端口讀取一個字節
+///
+/// # 參數
+/// * `port` - 端口號
+/// # 返回
+/// 讀取到的值
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[inline]
+pub fn io_port_rb(port: u16) -> u8 {
+    unsafe {
+        Port::new(port).read()
+    }
+}
+
+/// 向 I/O 端口寫入一個字 (16-bit)
+///
+/// # 參數
+/// * `port` - 端口號
+/// * `value` - 要寫入的值
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[inline]
+pub fn io_port_ww(port: u16, value: u16) {
+    unsafe {
+        Port::new(port).write(value);
+    }
+}
+
+/// 從 I/O 端口讀取一個字 (16-bit)
+///
+/// # 參數
+/// * `port` - 端口號
+/// # 返回
+/// 讀取到的值
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[inline]
+pub fn io_port_rw(port: u16) -> u16 {
+    unsafe {
+        Port::new(port).read()
+    }
+}
+
+/// 向 I/O 端口寫入一個雙字 (32-bit)
+///
+/// # 參數
+/// * `port` - 端口號
+/// * `value` - 要寫入的值
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[inline]
+pub fn io_port_wl(port: u16, value: u32) {
+    unsafe {
+        Port::new(port).write(value);
+    }
+}
+
+/// 從 I/O 端口讀取一個雙字 (32-bit)
+///
+/// # 參數
+/// * `port` - 端口號
+/// # 返回
+/// 讀取到的值
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[inline]
+pub fn io_port_rl(port: u16) -> u32 {
+    unsafe {
+        Port::new(port).read()
+    }
+}

kernel/src/hal/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+pub mod io;
+pub mod cpu;
+
+pub use io::io_port_wb;
+pub use io::io_port_wl;
+pub use io::io_port_rb;
+pub use io::io_port_rl;
+
+pub use cpu::cpu_r_cr0;
+pub use cpu::cpu_r_cr2;
+pub use cpu::cpu_r_cr3;
+pub use cpu::cpu_w_cr0;
+pub use cpu::cpu_w_cr3;
+pub use cpu::cpu_get_model;
+pub use cpu::cpu_brand_string_supported;
+pub use cpu::cpu_get_brand;
+pub use cpu::cpu_rdtsc;
+pub use cpu::cpu_pause;
+pub use cpu::cpu_halt;
+pub use cpu::cpu_idle;
+pub use cpu::cpu_enable_interrupts;
+pub use cpu::cpu_disable_interrupts;

kernel/src/kernel/asm/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pub mod x86;

kernel/src/kernel/asm/x86/gdt.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+// kernel/src/gdt.rs
+use x86_64::structures::gdt::{GlobalDescriptorTable, Descriptor, SegmentSelector};
+use x86_64::structures::tss::TaskStateSegment;
+use x86_64::VirtAddr;
+use lazy_static::lazy_static;
+
+pub const DOUBLE_FAULT_IST_INDEX: u16 = 0;
+
+// === 步驟 1: 創建 TSS ===
+lazy_static! {
+    static ref TSS: TaskStateSegment = {
+        let mut tss = TaskStateSegment::new();
+
+        tss.interrupt_stack_table[DOUBLE_FAULT_IST_INDEX as usize] = {
+            const STACK_SIZE: usize = 4096 * 5;  // 20KB
+            static mut STACK: [u8; STACK_SIZE] = [0; STACK_SIZE];
+
+            let stack_start = VirtAddr::new(unsafe { &raw const STACK as *const _ as u64 });
+            let stack_end = stack_start + STACK_SIZE as u64;
+
+            stack_end
+        };
+
+        tss
+    };
+}
+
+// === 步驟 2: 創建 GDT ===
+lazy_static! {
+    static ref GDT: (GlobalDescriptorTable, Selectors) = {
+        let mut gdt = GlobalDescriptorTable::new();
+
+        let code_selector = gdt.append(Descriptor::kernel_code_segment());
+        let data_selector = gdt.append(Descriptor::kernel_data_segment());
+        let tss_selector = gdt.append(Descriptor::tss_segment(&TSS));
+
+        (
+            gdt,
+            Selectors {
+                code_selector,
+                data_selector,
+                tss_selector,
+            },
+        )
+    };
+}
+
+struct Selectors {
+    code_selector: SegmentSelector,
+    data_selector: SegmentSelector,
+    tss_selector: SegmentSelector,
+}
+
+pub fn init() {
+    use x86_64::instructions::segmentation::{Segment, CS};
+    use x86_64::instructions::tables::load_tss;
+
+    GDT.0.load();
+
+    unsafe {
+        CS::set_reg(GDT.1.code_selector);
+        load_tss(GDT.1.tss_selector);
+    }
+}

kernel/src/kernel/asm/x86/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+pub mod gdt;
+// pub mod idt;
+// pub mod interrupt;
+// pub mod segment;

kernel/src/kernel/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+pub mod tty;
+pub mod asm;
+
+// 重新導出由 boot.S 調用的入口點
+// pub use kernel::{_kernel_init, _kernel_main};

kernel/src/kernel/tty/font.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+
+
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+pub static FONT_BASIC: [[u8; 16]; 128] = [
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x00,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x7E, 0x81, 0xA5, 0x81, 0x81, 0xBD, 0x99, 0x81, 0x81, 0x7E, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x01,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x7E, 0xFF, 0xDB, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE7, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x7E, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x02,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x6C, 0xFE, 0xFE, 0xFE, 0xFE, 0x7C, 0x38, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x03,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x38, 0x7C, 0xFE, 0x7C, 0x38, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x04,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x3C, 0x3C, 0xE7, 0xE7, 0xE7, 0x18, 0x18, 0x3C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x05,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x3C, 0x7E, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x7E, 0x18, 0x18, 0x3C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x06,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x3C, 0x3C, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x07,
+    [ 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xE7, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xE7, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,  ],       //0x08,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3C, 0x66, 0x42, 0x42, 0x66, 0x3C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x09,
+    [ 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0x99, 0xBD, 0xBD, 0x99, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,  ],       //0x0A,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x1E, 0x0E, 0x1A, 0x32, 0x78, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0x78, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x0B,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x3C, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x3C, 0x18, 0x7E, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x0C,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x3F, 0x33, 0x3F, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x70, 0xF0, 0xE0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x0D,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x7F, 0x63, 0x7F, 0x63, 0x63, 0x63, 0x63, 0x67, 0xE7, 0xE6, 0xC0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x0E,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0xDB, 0x3C, 0xE7, 0x3C, 0xDB, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x0F,
+    [ 0x00, 0x80, 0xC0, 0xE0, 0xF0, 0xF8, 0xFE, 0xF8, 0xF0, 0xE0, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x10,
+    [ 0x00, 0x02, 0x06, 0x0E, 0x1E, 0x3E, 0xFE, 0x3E, 0x1E, 0x0E, 0x06, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x11,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x3C, 0x7E, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x7E, 0x3C, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x12,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x00, 0x66, 0x66, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x13,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x7F, 0xDB, 0xDB, 0xDB, 0x7B, 0x1B, 0x1B, 0x1B, 0x1B, 0x1B, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x14,
+    [ 0x00, 0x7C, 0xC6, 0x60, 0x38, 0x6C, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0x6C, 0x38, 0x0C, 0xC6, 0x7C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x15,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFE, 0xFE, 0xFE, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x16,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x3C, 0x7E, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x7E, 0x3C, 0x18, 0x7E, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x17,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x3C, 0x7E, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x18,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x7E, 0x3C, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x19,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x0C, 0xFE, 0x0C, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x1A,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x30, 0x60, 0xFE, 0x60, 0x30, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x1B, esc
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x1C,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x28, 0x6C, 0xFE, 0x6C, 0x28, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x1D,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x38, 0x38, 0x7C, 0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x1E,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFE, 0xFE, 0x7C, 0x7C, 0x38, 0x38, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x1F,
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x20, ' '
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x3C, 0x3C, 0x3C, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x21, '!'
+    [ 0x00, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x24, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x22, '"'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x6C, 0x6C, 0xFE, 0x6C, 0x6C, 0x6C, 0xFE, 0x6C, 0x6C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x23, '#'
+    [ 0x18, 0x18, 0x7C, 0xC6, 0xC2, 0xC0, 0x7C, 0x06, 0x06, 0x86, 0xC6, 0x7C, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x24, '$'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xC2, 0xC6, 0x0C, 0x18, 0x30, 0x60, 0xC6, 0x86, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x25, '%'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x38, 0x6C, 0x6C, 0x38, 0x76, 0xDC, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0x76, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x26, '&'
+    [ 0x00, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x27, '''
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x18, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x18, 0x0C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x28, '('
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x30, 0x18, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x18, 0x30, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x29, ')'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x3C, 0xFF, 0x3C, 0x66, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x2A, '*'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x7E, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x2B, '+'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x30, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x2C, '
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x2D, '-'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x2E, '.'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x02, 0x06, 0x0C, 0x18, 0x30, 0x60, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x2F, '/'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x38, 0x6C, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xD6, 0xD6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0x6C, 0x38, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x30, '0'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x38, 0x78, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x7E, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x31, '1'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x7C, 0xC6, 0x06, 0x0C, 0x18, 0x30, 0x60, 0xC0, 0xC6, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x32, '2'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x7C, 0xC6, 0x06, 0x06, 0x3C, 0x06, 0x06, 0x06, 0xC6, 0x7C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x33, '3'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x1C, 0x3C, 0x6C, 0xCC, 0xFE, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x1E, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x34, '4'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0xFE, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xFC, 0x06, 0x06, 0x06, 0xC6, 0x7C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x35, '5'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x38, 0x60, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xFC, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0x7C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x36, '6'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0xFE, 0xC6, 0x06, 0x06, 0x0C, 0x18, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x37, '7'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x7C, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0x7C, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0x7C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x38, '8'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x7C, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0x7E, 0x06, 0x06, 0x06, 0x0C, 0x78, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x39, '9'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x3A, ':'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x30, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x3B, ';'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x06, 0x0C, 0x18, 0x30, 0x60, 0x30, 0x18, 0x0C, 0x06, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x3C, '<'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7E, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7E, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x3D, '='
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x60, 0x30, 0x18, 0x0C, 0x06, 0x0C, 0x18, 0x30, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x3E, '>'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x7C, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0x0C, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x3F, '?'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7C, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xDE, 0xDE, 0xDE, 0xDC, 0xC0, 0x7C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x40, '@'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x38, 0x6C, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xFE, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x41, 'A'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0xFC, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x7C, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0xFC, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x42, 'B'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x3C, 0x66, 0xC2, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xC2, 0x66, 0x3C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x43, 'C'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0xF8, 0x6C, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x6C, 0xF8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x44, 'D'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0xFE, 0x66, 0x62, 0x68, 0x78, 0x68, 0x60, 0x62, 0x66, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x45, 'E'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0xFE, 0x66, 0x62, 0x68, 0x78, 0x68, 0x60, 0x60, 0x60, 0xF0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x46, 'F'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x3C, 0x66, 0xC2, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xDE, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0x66, 0x3A, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x47, 'G'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xFE, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x48, 'H'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x3C, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x3C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x49, 'I'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x1E, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0x78, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x4A, 'J'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0xE6, 0x66, 0x66, 0x6C, 0x78, 0x78, 0x6C, 0x66, 0x66, 0xE6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x4B, 'K'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0xF0, 0x60, 0x60, 0x60, 0x60, 0x60, 0x60, 0x62, 0x66, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x4C, 'L'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0xC6, 0xEE, 0xFE, 0xFE, 0xD6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x4D, 'M'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0xC6, 0xE6, 0xF6, 0xFE, 0xDE, 0xCE, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x4E, 'N'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x7C, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0x7C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x4F, 'O'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0xFC, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x7C, 0x60, 0x60, 0x60, 0x60, 0xF0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x50, 'P'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x7C, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xD6, 0xDE, 0x7C, 0x0C, 0x0E, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x51, 'Q'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0xFC, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x7C, 0x6C, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0xE6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x52, 'R'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x7C, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0x60, 0x38, 0x0C, 0x06, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0x7C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x53, 'S'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x7E, 0x7E, 0x5A, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x3C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x54, 'T'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0x7C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x55, 'U'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0x6C, 0x38, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x56, 'V'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xD6, 0xD6, 0xD6, 0xFE, 0xEE, 0x6C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x57, 'W'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0x6C, 0x7C, 0x38, 0x38, 0x7C, 0x6C, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x58, 'X'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x3C, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x3C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x59, 'Y'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0xFE, 0xC6, 0x86, 0x0C, 0x18, 0x30, 0x60, 0xC2, 0xC6, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x5A, 'Z'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x3C, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x3C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x5B, '['
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x80, 0xC0, 0xE0, 0x70, 0x38, 0x1C, 0x0E, 0x06, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x5C, '\'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x3C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x3C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x5D, ']'
+    [ 0x10, 0x38, 0x6C, 0xC6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x5E, '^'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x5F, '_'
+    [ 0x30, 0x30, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x60, '`'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x78, 0x0C, 0x7C, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0x76, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x61, 'a'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0xE0, 0x60, 0x60, 0x78, 0x6C, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x7C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x62, 'b'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7C, 0xC6, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xC6, 0x7C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x63, 'c'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x1C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x3C, 0x6C, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0x76, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x64, 'd'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7C, 0xC6, 0xFE, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xC6, 0x7C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x65, 'e'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x38, 0x6C, 0x64, 0x60, 0xF0, 0x60, 0x60, 0x60, 0x60, 0xF0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x66, 'f'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x76, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0x7C, 0x0C, 0xCC, 0x78, 0x00,  ],       //0x67, 'g'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0xE0, 0x60, 0x60, 0x6C, 0x76, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0xE6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x68, 'h'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x38, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x3C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x69, 'i'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x06, 0x06, 0x00, 0x0E, 0x06, 0x06, 0x06, 0x06, 0x06, 0x06, 0x66, 0x66, 0x3C, 0x00,  ],       //0x6A, 'j'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0xE0, 0x60, 0x60, 0x66, 0x6C, 0x78, 0x78, 0x6C, 0x66, 0xE6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x6B, 'k'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x38, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x3C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x6C, 'l'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xEC, 0xFE, 0xD6, 0xD6, 0xD6, 0xD6, 0xC6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x6D, 'm'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xDC, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x6E, 'n'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7C, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0x7C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x6F, 'o'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xDC, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x7C, 0x60, 0x60, 0xF0, 0x00,  ],       //0x70, 'p'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x76, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0x7C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x1E, 0x00,  ],       //0x71, 'q'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xDC, 0x76, 0x66, 0x60, 0x60, 0x60, 0xF0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x72, 'r'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7C, 0xC6, 0x60, 0x38, 0x0C, 0xC6, 0x7C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x73, 's'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x30, 0x30, 0xFC, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x36, 0x1C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x74, 't'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0x76, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x75, 'u'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x3C, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x76, 'v'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xD6, 0xD6, 0xD6, 0xFE, 0x6C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x77, 'w'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xC6, 0x6C, 0x38, 0x38, 0x38, 0x6C, 0xC6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x78, 'x'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0x7E, 0x06, 0x0C, 0xF8, 0x00,  ],       //0x79, 'y'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFE, 0xCC, 0x18, 0x30, 0x60, 0xC6, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x7A, 'z'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x0E, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x70, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x0E, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x7B, '['
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x7C, '|'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x70, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x0E, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x70, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x7D, ']'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x76, 0xDC, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x7E, '~'
+    [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  ],       //0x7F, delete
+];

kernel/src/kernel/tty/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+// src/kernel/tty/mod.rs
+
+pub mod tty;
+pub mod font;

kernel/src/kernel/tty/tty.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+use bootloader_api::info::{FrameBuffer, FrameBufferInfo, PixelFormat};
+use crate::kernel::tty::font::FONT_BASIC;
+use core::ptr::{addr_of, addr_of_mut};
+
+pub struct TTYState {
+    framebuffer: *mut u8,
+    fb_len: usize,
+    info: Option<FrameBufferInfo>,
+    cursor_x: usize,
+    cursor_y: usize,
+}
+
+impl TTYState {
+    const fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            framebuffer: core::ptr::null_mut(),
+            fb_len: 0,
+            info: None,
+            cursor_x: 0,
+            cursor_y: 0,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static mut TTY_STATE: TTYState = TTYState::new();
+
+pub fn init(framebuffer: &'static mut FrameBuffer) {
+    let info = framebuffer.info();
+    let buffer = framebuffer.buffer_mut();
+
+    unsafe {
+        let state = &mut *addr_of_mut!(TTY_STATE);
+        state.framebuffer = buffer.as_mut_ptr();
+        state.fb_len = buffer.len();
+        state.info = Some(info);
+        state.cursor_x = 0;
+        state.cursor_y = 0;
+    }
+
+    clear(0x000000);
+}
+
+pub fn clear(color: u32) {
+    unsafe {
+        let state = &*addr_of!(TTY_STATE);
+
+        if state.framebuffer.is_null() {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        let info = match state.info.as_ref() {
+            Some(i) => i,
+            None => return,
+        };
+
+        let (r, g, b) = u32_to_rgb(color);
+        let buffer = core::slice::from_raw_parts_mut(state.framebuffer, state.fb_len);
+
+        for pixel in buffer.chunks_exact_mut(info.bytes_per_pixel) {
+            write_pixel(info, pixel, r, g, b);
+        }
+
+        let state_mut = &mut *addr_of_mut!(TTY_STATE);
+        state_mut.cursor_x = 0;
+        state_mut.cursor_y = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+fn write_pixel(info: &FrameBufferInfo, pixel: &mut [u8], r: u8, g: u8, b: u8) {
+    match info.pixel_format {
+        PixelFormat::Rgb => {
+            pixel[0] = r;
+            pixel[1] = g;
+            pixel[2] = b;
+        }
+        PixelFormat::Bgr => {
+            pixel[0] = b;
+            pixel[1] = g;
+            pixel[2] = r;
+        }
+        _ => {}
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn draw_pixel(x: usize, y: usize, color: u32) {
+    unsafe {
+        let state = &*addr_of!(TTY_STATE);
+
+        if state.framebuffer.is_null() {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        let info = match state.info.as_ref() {
+            Some(i) => i,
+            None => return,
+        };
+
+        if x >= info.width || y >= info.height {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        let pixel_offset = (y * info.stride + x) * info.bytes_per_pixel;
+        let (r, g, b) = u32_to_rgb(color);
+
+        let buffer = core::slice::from_raw_parts_mut(state.framebuffer, state.fb_len);
+
+        if let Some(pixel) = buffer.get_mut(pixel_offset..pixel_offset + info.bytes_per_pixel) {
+            write_pixel(info, pixel, r, g, b);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn draw_char(c: char, color: u32) {
+    const CHAR_WIDTH: usize = 8;
+    const CHAR_HEIGHT: usize = 16;
+
+    unsafe {
+        let state = &*addr_of!(TTY_STATE);
+
+        if state.framebuffer.is_null() {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        let info = match state.info.as_ref() {
+            Some(i) => i,
+            None => return,
+        };
+
+        let state_mut = &mut *addr_of_mut!(TTY_STATE);
+
+        if c == '\n' {
+            state_mut.cursor_x = 0;
+            state_mut.cursor_y += CHAR_HEIGHT;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if state_mut.cursor_x + CHAR_WIDTH > info.width {
+            state_mut.cursor_x = 0;
+            state_mut.cursor_y += CHAR_HEIGHT;
+        }
+
+        if state_mut.cursor_y + CHAR_HEIGHT > info.height {
+            state_mut.cursor_y = 0;
+        }
+
+        let idx = c as usize;
+        if idx >= FONT_BASIC.len() {
+            return;
+        }
+        let glyph = &FONT_BASIC[idx];
+
+        let cursor_x = state_mut.cursor_x;
+        let cursor_y = state_mut.cursor_y;
+
+        for (y, row) in glyph.iter().enumerate() {
+            for x in 0..8 {
+                if (row >> (7 - x)) & 1 == 1 {
+                    draw_pixel(cursor_x + x, cursor_y + y, color);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        state_mut.cursor_x += CHAR_WIDTH;
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn write_str(s: &str, color: u32) {
+    for c in s.chars() {
+        draw_char(c, color);
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn tty_put_str(s: &str, color: Option<u32>) {
+    if let Some(c) = color {
+        write_str(s, c);
+    } else {
+        write_str(s, 0xFFFFFF);
+    }
+}
+
+fn u32_to_rgb(color: u32) -> (u8, u8, u8) {
+    let r = ((color >> 16) & 0xFF) as u8;
+    let g = ((color >> 8) & 0xFF) as u8;
+    let b = (color & 0xFF) as u8;
+    (r, g, b)
+}

kernel/src/libs/libc/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pub mod print;

kernel/src/libs/libc/print.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+// src/libs/libc/print.rs
+
+use core::fmt;
+use crate::kernel::tty::tty;
+
+pub struct Writer;
+
+impl fmt::Write for Writer {
+    fn write_str(&mut self, s: &str) -> fmt::Result {
+        tty::tty_put_str(s, None);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn _print(args: fmt::Arguments) {
+    use core::fmt::Write;
+    Writer.write_fmt(args).unwrap();
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! print {
+    ($($arg:tt)*) => ($crate::libs::libc::print::_print(format_args!($($arg)*)));
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! kprintln {
+    () => {
+        $crate::libs::libc::print::_print(format_args!("\n"))
+    };
+    ($($arg:tt)*) => {
+        $crate::libs::libc::print::_print(format_args!("{}\n", format_args!($($arg)*)))
+    };
+}

kernel/src/libs/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pub mod libc;

kernel/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+// kernel/src/main.rs
+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+#![feature(abi_x86_interrupt)]
+
+use core::panic::PanicInfo;
+use bootloader_api::{entry_point, BootInfo};
+
+mod kernel;
+mod hal;
+mod libs;
+
+use kernel::tty::tty;
+use kernel::asm::x86::gdt;
+
+
+entry_point!(kernel_main);
+
+fn kernel_main(boot_info: &'static mut BootInfo) -> ! {
+    if let Some(framebuffer) = boot_info.framebuffer.as_mut() {
+        tty::init(framebuffer);
+        tty::clear(0x000000);
+
+        kprintln!("CureOS Booting...");
+        kprintln!("Framebuffer initialized");
+        kprintln!("Welcome to CureOS!");
+
+        kprintln!("initialize GDT");
+        gdt::init();
+        kprintln!("GDT initialized");
+
+    } else {
+        loop {
+            hal::cpu::cpu_halt();
+        }
+    }
+
+    loop {
+        hal::cpu::cpu_halt();
+    }
+}
+#[cfg(not(test))]
+#[panic_handler]
+fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
+    kprintln!();
+    kprintln!("================================");
+    kprintln!("       KERNEL PANIC!"            );
+    kprintln!("================================");
+    kprintln!();
+    kprintln!("{}", info);
+
+    loop {
+        hal::cpu::cpu_halt();
+    }
+}

old/GRUB_TEMPLATE

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+default=0
+timeout=3
+
+menuentry "$_OS_NAME" {
+	multiboot /boot/$_OS_NAME.bin
+}

old/config-grub.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#!/usr/bin/bash
+
+export _OS_NAME=$1
+
+cat GRUB_TEMPLATE | envsubst > "$2"

old/linker.ld

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+ENTRY(start_)
+
+SECTIONS {
+    . = 0x100000;
+
+    .text BLOCK(4K): {
+        * (.multiboot) /* boot.o (.multiboot) */
+        * (.text)
+    }
+
+    .bss BLOCK(4K): {
+        * (COMMON)
+        * (.bss)
+    }
+
+    .data BLOCK(4K): {
+        * (.data)
+    }
+
+    .rodata BLOCK(4k): {
+        * (.rodata)
+    }
+}

old/makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+include config/make-locations
+include config/make-os
+include config/make-debug-tool
+
+BUILD_MODE := release
+CARGO_FLAGS := --release
+
+# Rust target for bootloader
+RUST_TARGET := x86_64-unknown-none
+
+.PHONY: all all-debug clean run debug-qemu debug-bochs rust-kernel
+
+$(BUILD_DIR):
+	@mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)
+
+$(BIN_DIR):
+	@mkdir -p $(BIN_DIR)
+
+$(ISO_DIR):
+	@mkdir -p $(ISO_DIR)
+	@mkdir -p $(ISO_BOOT_DIR)
+	@mkdir -p $(ISO_GRUB_DIR)
+
+# 構建 Rust kernel + bootloader，提取 bin 文件
+rust-kernel: $(BUILD_DIR) $(BIN_DIR)
+	@echo "Building Rust kernel with bootloader..."
+	@cargo build -p cure-builder $(CARGO_FLAGS)
+	@echo "Finding kernel binary..."
+	@KERNEL_BIN=$$(find target/$(RUST_TARGET)/$(BUILD_MODE) -name "cure-kernel" -type f | head -1); \
+	if [ -z "$$KERNEL_BIN" ]; then \
+		echo "Error: Kernel binary not found!"; \
+		exit 1; \
+	fi; \
+	echo "Copying kernel binary to $(BIN_DIR)/$(OS_BIN)"; \
+	cp "$$KERNEL_BIN" $(BIN_DIR)/$(OS_BIN)
+
+# 創建 ISO（使用 GRUB Multiboot2）
+$(BUILD_DIR)/$(OS_ISO): $(ISO_DIR) rust-kernel
+	@echo "Creating ISO image..."
+	@./config-grub.sh $(OS_NAME) $(ISO_GRUB_DIR)/grub.cfg
+	@cp $(BIN_DIR)/$(OS_BIN) $(ISO_BOOT_DIR)/$(OS_BIN)
+	@echo "Running grub-mkrescue..."
+	@grub-mkrescue -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(OS_ISO) $(ISO_DIR) 2>&1 || \
+	(echo "Error: grub-mkrescue failed. Installing grub-pc-bin..."; \
+	sudo apt install -y grub-pc-bin xorriso mtools && \
+	grub-mkrescue -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(OS_ISO) $(ISO_DIR))
+	@echo "ISO created at $(BUILD_DIR)/$(OS_ISO)"
+
+all: $(BUILD_DIR)/$(OS_ISO)
+
+all-debug: BUILD_MODE := debug
+all-debug: CARGO_FLAGS :=
+all-debug: $(BUILD_DIR)/$(OS_ISO)
+	@echo "Debug build completed"
+
+clean:
+	@rm -rf $(BUILD_DIR)
+	@cargo clean
+	@echo "Cleaned build artifacts"
+
+# 使用 QEMU 運行 ISO
+run: $(BUILD_DIR)/$(OS_ISO)
+	@echo "Running $(OS_ISO) with QEMU..."
+	@qemu-system-x86_64 -cdrom $(BUILD_DIR)/$(OS_ISO) -m 512M -serial stdio
+
+# 使用 Bochs 運行 ISO
+run-bochs: $(BUILD_DIR)/$(OS_ISO)
+	@echo "Running ISO with Bochs..."
+	@bochs -q -f bochs.cfg
+
+# QEMU 調試模式
+debug-qemu: all-debug
+	@echo "Starting QEMU in debug mode..."
+	@qemu-system-x86_64 -cdrom $(BUILD_DIR)/$(OS_ISO) -m 512M \
+		-serial stdio -s -S &
+	@sleep 1
+	@echo "QEMU waiting for GDB connection on localhost:1234"
+	@echo "Run: gdb target/$(RUST_TARGET)/debug/cure-kernel"
+	@echo "Then: (gdb) target remote localhost:1234"
+
+# Bochs 調試模式
+debug-bochs: all-debug
+	@echo "Running Bochs in debug mode..."
+	@bochs -q -f bochs.cfg
+
+# 幫助信息
+help:
+	@echo "CureOS Build System"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Targets:"
+	@echo "  all           - Build ISO image (release mode)"
+	@echo "  all-debug     - Build ISO image (debug mode)"
+	@echo "  clean         - Clean all build artifacts"
+	@echo "  run           - Build and run ISO with QEMU"
+	@echo "  run-bochs     - Build and run ISO with Bochs"
+	@echo "  debug-qemu    - Run QEMU in debug mode"
+	@echo "  debug-bochs   - Run Bochs in debug mode"
+	@echo "  help          - Show this help message"